mmWave policy developments in Europe are predominantly centred upon the release of spectrum in the 26 GHz range, often for both IMT and private network use. Recently, there has also been more evidence of regulatory consultations and demand surveys examining the potential use of spectrum in the 40 GHz range… Read more...

Countries in Africa continue to implement unlicensed 6 GHz policies in the 5925—6425 MHz range, while the Ivory Coast is considering licensed upper 6 GHz spectrum. While nations in the Americas have typically implemented unlicensed 6 GHz policies, there is also recent interest in licensed upper 6 GHz spectrum in… Read more...

The past 12 months has seen the leading economies wrestling with a new policy issue—satellite direct-to-device services—as well as assigning mid-band spectrum and finalising positions on 6 GHz. Read more...

In Russia, 5G spectrum is the subject of an ongoing discussion between the state and local mobile network operators (MNOs), as both are looking for ways to protect their interests. To facilitate rollout. Russia’s Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media is considering to expand the spectrum available in… Read more...

Nations across Africa continue to implement unlicensed 6 GHz policies that are largely focused on the lower portion of the band (5925—6425 MHz) in line with the African Telecommunication Union’s (ATU) recommended use of this range. In line with CEPT and European Commission harmonisation decisions, most European nations have opened… Read more...

PolicyTracker’s 2023 country profiles cover Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Poland, Russia, South Korea, Sweden, the UK and the US. In this overview we analyse their spectrum release plans; approach to 6 GHz; policy on private networks; and plans for 6G. Read more...

The EU’s eastern flank states have been pursuing their 5G auction plans despite Russia’s inflexible stance on spectrum coordination. However, there are concerns that Moscow could "weaponise" its use of 700 MHz and 3.6 GHz spectrum in the future to hamper its neighbours' 5G rollout. Read more...

Unlike their counterparts in most countries, Russia’s operators are to start developing 5G services with the use of the 4.8 - 4.99 GHz band which is likely to delay the technology’s rollout in the market. As the 3.4 - 3.8 GHz band will continue to be used by the Russian… Read more...

The Russian authorities are aiming to release 5G spectrum, but the country’s leading mobile operators are yet to agree on whether to establish a joint venture to develop the necessary infrastructure. The outcome of their negotiations will most likely define the mode of spectrum distribution that will be adopted by… Read more...

Legend Population density (People per km2)  <1  1-5  5-25  25- 250  250-1000  >1000 Uninhabited  Read more...