Coverage obligations require operators to build networks beyond commercially attractive areas. Widely used but inconsistently enforced, they generate a lot of debate in the world of spectrum policy. Read more...

Spectrum caps are nearly universal in 5G auctions, yet solid evidence that they work remains elusive. Their absence from the US market may offer a cautionary tale. Read more...

Licence duration is increasingly seen as a lever for investment, but the evidence is mixed. PolicyTracker’s database reveals divergent trends in Europe and the US. Read more...

Firm evidence that spectrum caps, coverage obligations and longer licences shape markets remains elusive, but experts still believe such tools matter. Read more...

Most in the spectrum world agree that market shaping measures are important tools in ensuring spectrum is assigned and used efficiently. There is one awkward question though: do they actually work? Read more...

The second-largest mobile operator in the US has asked the regulator to waive several rules so that its 850 MHz spectrum licences can be used for direct-to-device (D2D) services when they are sold to an investment firm. Read more...

Satellite direct‑to‑device (D2D) could help connect Africa’s hardest‑to‑reach users, but regulators are still working out how to license services, protect mobile networks and handle ownership rules. Read more...

The proposed timeline for Release 21, which is the long‑awaited 6G release, has been updated following a 3GPP plenary meeting in Fukuoka, Japan. Read more...

AKOS Read more...

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