Since it entered the market in 2016, Reliance Jio has transformed India's mobile industry. It adopted a loss-leading strategy, offering mobile broadband services at almost-free prices. One reason it can offer such cheap services is that its all-IP LTE-only network is more spectrally efficient than its rivals that support legacy… Read more...

The histories of spectrum policy and the mobile industry are closely intertwined. Much of the news in radio spectrum is driven by the stakeholders with the deepest pockets: mobile operators. Mobile operators' business strategies and technology focusses vary, but they all need spectrum. How they obtain that spectrum depends on… Read more...

Although not necessarily as lucrative as some previous mobile generations, 4G has successfully put the smartphone into the center of everyday life in the industrialised world. Watches, torches, taxis, cameras and even cash appear to have entered the dustbin of history during the 2010s. But as we turn over to… Read more...

The mobile industry often congratulates itself for creating a unified standard for 5G that is defined by 3GPP. This drives economies of scale and avoids the technology fragmentation that undermined previous generations of mobile technology. But when it comes to spectrum strategies, the initial approaches of leading operators were quite… Read more...